# Glossary

> Source: https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/adaptek/glossary?lang=en · Language: English · Product: Adaptek · Access: public
>
> AdTech, OTT and Google Ad Manager terms used in the documentation.

| Term | Explanation |
|---|---|
| **SSAI** | Server-Side Ad Insertion — ads are stitched into the stream on the server; the player receives one continuous stream. See [How SSAI.TV works](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/how-it-works?lang=en) |
| **CSAI** | Client-Side Ad Insertion — ads are requested and played by the player (IMA SDK). Vulnerable to ad blockers (≈30% loss on the web) |
| **DAI** | Dynamic Ad Insertion — the general name for dynamic insertion; Google's SSAI product has this name |
| **SCTE-35** | A standard for transport-stream markers that indicate the start and duration of an ad break. See [SCTE-35 markers on the channel](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/integration/scte35?lang=en) |
| **HLS / m3u8** | A streaming video protocol; the `.m3u8` manifest lists segments (chunks) |
| **CUE-OUT / CUE-IN** | Markers for the start and end of an ad break in an HLS manifest |
| **EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY** | An HLS tag warning the player about a discontinuity (encoding change) — mandatory at ad boundaries |
| **Filler** | A placeholder shown in the rest of the break when there aren't enough ads; agreed with the channel owner |
| **Fillfloor** | The minimum break fill below which insertion is skipped and the original broadcast plays |
| **VAST / VMAP** | IAB standards: ad-server response with creatives (VAST) and break schedule (VMAP) |
| **Pod** | An ad break with several creatives in one response |
| **FAST** | Free Ad-Supported Streaming TV — linear channels with ads built from VOD content |
| **GAM / GAM 360** | Google Ad Manager; 360 is the paid version with advanced features (MCM, Advanced Video) |
| **AdX** | Google Ad Exchange — Google's demand exchange |
| **MCM** | Multiple Customer Management — a program where a partner (parent) manages a publisher's (child) inventory or account. See [MCM models — Manage Account and Manage Inventory](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/mcm/models?lang=en) |
| **Manage Account / Manage Inventory** | The two delegation types in MCM |
| **Network code** | GAM network identifier |
| **Ad unit** | A unit of inventory in GAM that tags and targeting are attached to |
| **Key-values** | Custom targeting parameters in a request (e.g. `channel_name=...`) |
| **UPR** | Unified Pricing Rules — minimum price (floor) rules in GAM |
| **PMP / PD / PG** | Private Marketplace, Preferred Deals, Programmatic Guaranteed — private deals |
| **Open Bidding** | Server-side auction of third-party exchanges inside GAM |
| **ads.txt / app-ads.txt** | A file on the publisher's domain listing authorized sellers. See [ads.txt and app-ads.txt](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/mcm/ads-txt?lang=en) |
| **CMP / Consent Mode v2** | Consent management platform and Google's consent signalling mode (mandatory in the EU) |
| **PPID** | Publisher Provided ID — a viewer identifier from the publisher (for frequency and reach) |
| **PAL SDK** | Google Programmatic Access Library — generates a nonce for programmatic requests from server-side insertion. See [Google PAL SDK for SSAI](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/integration/pal-sdk?lang=en) |
| **SIMID** | IAB standard for interactive creatives over video. See [Interactive creatives (SIMID)](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/integration/interactive-simid?lang=en) |
| **IVT** | Invalid Traffic — bots, fraud; not billed and penalized by Google policies |
| **eCPM / fill rate** | Revenue per 1,000 impressions / share of requests that received an ad |
| **QoE** | Quality of Experience — playback quality metrics (TTFF, rebuffering). See [Player video analytics](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/adstart/analytics?lang=en) |
| **EBU R 128** | Loudness normalization standard SSAI.TV applies to creatives |
| **SCTE-104** | The SDI studio-signal counterpart of SCTE-35; the encoder converts it into SCTE-35 in the transport stream |
| **splice_insert** | The SCTE-35 command that marks an insertion point. `out_of_network_flag`: `true` — ad start, `false` — return to the programme |
| **Pre-roll (markers)** | How far ahead of the event the marker arrives. The event moment itself is set by the PTS in the marker. See [SCTE-35 markers on the channel](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/integration/scte35?lang=en) |
| **Auto return** | A marker flag: the break ends by duration without a closing marker |
| **PTS** | Presentation Time Stamp — the time a frame or marker event should play |
| **GOP / IDR** | The group of frames between keyframes / a keyframe a segment can start from. The marker must be on an IDR |
| **Packager** | Cuts the stream into HLS/DASH segments and carries markers into the manifest |
| **Manifest manipulator** | The SSAI server component that personalizes the playlist for each viewer |
| **Ad unit (in SSAI.TV reports)** | A person-break: an ad break seen by one viewer. Not to be confused with an ad unit in GAM. See [Statistics and reporting](https://support.adaptek.tv/docs/ssai/metrics?lang=en) |
| **Impressions duration** | Total seconds of impressions; together with inventory duration it gives the SSAI.TV fill rate |
| **Top-up (добивка)** | A short video or filler that fills the break remainder up to the exact duration |
| **Bumper** | An "advertising" slate at the entry to or exit from a break; markers are placed inside bumpers |
| **`promo_`** | A creative-name prefix for promos and public service ads: no "advertising" caption, not billed |
| **Flight** | A separate period within a campaign with its own dates, budget and limits |
| **Daypart** | Targeting by part of the day |
| **Frequency cap** | A limit on impressions per viewer over a period |
| **Muxed / demuxed** | Audio and video in one segment / as separate tracks. SSAI needs muxed |
| **Multi-Period DASH** | A DASH manifest where the ad is delivered as a separate Period |
| **Catch-up / Start over / Timeshift** | Watching the archive, restarting a programme from the beginning, pausing live |
| **Stream router** | The CDN entry point that directs the viewer to a specific streamer node |
| **OM SDK** | Open Measurement SDK (IAB) — client-side viewability measurement |